Thursday, June 11, 2009
Informal speeches during the Sudan conference!
Posted by Marcell's model UN ExPeDiTiOn at 12:12 PM 0 comments
Wednesday, June 10, 2009
Economics class essay!
Date: 4/27/09 Economics 101
The article “Burgernomics says currencies are very dear in Europe but cheap in Asia” refers to the principles of the Big Mac Index and the ramifications that could emerge if certain currencies are undervalued by the International monetary Fund (IMF). In the article, the theory of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is introduced, and it showed how the only reason why the PPP existed was to reach a stalemate in world economics, and find a way in which “exchange rates could move to make the price of a basket of goods the same in each country”. According to the article only a hand full of currencies are close to the Big Mac PPP, and from the seven most predominant currencies, only Australia (10%), South Korea (12%) and Singapore (18%) have had an undervalue in their Big Mac prices. The other countries are suffering greatly the overvalued prices of their currency referring to the Big Mac. At this time the U.S. is one of the fortunate countries to have a fair opportunity, and could buy lots of Burgers in the rest of Asia at a justifiable price. Which makes the USA dollar “Sandwiched in between”, and since the big drop in 2002, it “was left close to its medium-term equilibrium level”- said Mr. John Lipsky.
What economists are not taking in consideration is that not all theories are constant and there might be other factors that play a role in the aftermath of these pivotal events in International economics. Just as humans are imperfect, theories can also have their flaws, for example, the PPP may measure where the currencies would end up in the future, but they cannot control what goes on in domestic affairs, such as rents, low wages, and poor countries that have a hard time upgrading their currencies. In my opinion I believe that economists can’t only base their assumptions in old theories because nothing is perfect, and sometimes intuition or experience in a criterion can lead us in the right way. I don’t completely oppose the idea of using theories, because they do have a reason, and economic theories have shaped the way the economy is run today, but relaying too much on one theory is very narrowed minded and may sometimes benefit some but not others. I also agree that it is very arbitrary that only certain countries have the opportunity to prosper economically while others plummet economically. Every nation should have an equal opportunity in the Big Mac Index and their currencies should be balanced out, but since that it impossible, it would at least be rational to address these issues and for the International Monetary Fund to come up with a solution that involves equity.
Posted by Marcell's model UN ExPeDiTiOn at 7:04 PM 0 comments
Opening Speech for the UNA_USA Conference
Good afternoon fellow delegates;
The country of Sudan is gradually being submerged by the Saharan desert, which by now covers most of North Africa. Due to this natural catastrophe the ramifications are severely damaging Sudan in various ways, one way is that desertification dries the land, and two, necessary resources are scarce to feed our people. Certain key points that we need to address would be the unequal hand of which many countries have dealt with, when discussing BIOFUELS. This source of green energy does not only take time, but also land and many resources. We all need to bare in mind the fact, that not all countries have been geographically favored by nature; therefore it becomes a laborious task to allocate resources for the people. We are not to judge anyone for how little or much support they have contributed to the production of BIOFUELS, because we cannot categorize every country as an illustrious one, in fact the GDP per average person in Sudan is 1900, while in the USA is 46,000, which is 24 x what a Sudanese person can make. We as a developing country cannot leave our people to starve, and spend our scant resources on BIOFUELS, which is not a necessity for us in the short term. The transition between using oil to operate machinery and using agri-fuels is not written on stone, it is more as an ultimatum that not every individual would consider as right.
Countries like China and Great Britain have industrialized thanks to the burning of fossil fuels, and even though the government might put certain restrictions on the usage of these un-renewable resources, it is very doubtful that every Corporation will consider this as the righteous thing to do. Sudan being a dependent user of crude oil for exporting facilities, cannot drift away from the idea of using oil, because that is the only way our GDP can grow. But we do not completely oppose the thought of using green energy to reduce carbon foot prints, in fact in 2008 we signed a bilateral agreement with Egypt, which states that we will invest 150 million for producing ethanol, (a source of BIOFUEL), which is still a work in progress. The country of Sudan encourages the members of the United Nations to be unbiased when agreeing upon the usage of BIOFUELS, and to also consider other organic energy resources such as Solar power, which cannot become scarce unless the sun is completely vanished from the Solar System.
Thank you for your time, and I yield my time to questions!
Posted by Marcell's model UN ExPeDiTiOn at 6:50 PM 0 comments
"Informal debate notes"
Left corner note (up):
To: Kuwait
From: Sudan
We saw that you were already writting the draft resolution, we just wanted to know if you still wanted to include the communicating network idea. Also, if we continue being sponsors to your resolution!
Response: After merging with the Saudi Arabia group, there is room for it in the resolution.If you would like to be sponsors or signatories we would "welcome" your support.
Left corner note (down):
During the unmoderated caucus, meet in the back of the room!
Posted by Marcell's model UN ExPeDiTiOn at 12:39 PM 0 comments
Monday, June 8, 2009
Reflection of the Model UN experience
My introduction to the UN Nations at my school was not what I expected it to be. For starters I didn’t know it was going to be a class and that I had to do as much work as I did in my regular classes. For some reason I always visualizes the Model UN as a club which people attend to, in order to debate and simulate abstract ideas about the world. And what I mean by abstract, is probably any given issue concerning anyone in the world, would be a good enough issue to debate. Before learning about the horizons the Model UN would provide me, I felt indecisive and lost interest in what lay ahead, I was a lost soul in the center of the universe. I continued to feel disengaged, until my teacher advised us that our first conference would be held in December. By then my heart started pounding, and I felt weak in the knees, I had never in my life stepped out of my comfort zone, which has always been a challenge for me. Every day my classmates and I prepared our prelude, encouraged each other to persevere and researched as much information about our topics as possible. After an extensive research, and plenty of motivational pads in the back, I gained comfort and promised not to give up; little did I know that this prolonged journey had just begun.
In our way to the Harvard United Nations held in the Sheraton Hotel,
Leaving Harvard was a little depressing because we had a great time and we felt like we deserved awards; but it did not damage my motivation in the class. I understood that winners are not the ones who are acknowledge for their victory, but the ones that learn a lesson and apply to their life. The fact that I didn’t win didn’t make me less smart than the other students, because I know what I am capable of accomplishing in life, and if wining metals is not one of them, I hope that my life lessons help others strive with their struggles in life. Our arrival at school was probably a very difficult time for us, because not only were we physically tired, but also mentally. The truth is that in the Model UN you learn more than in a day at school, and the interesting part of it, is that the students are the ones teaching each other.
In our second attempt to push ourselves even further, my school enlisted us in the Philadelphia UN, sponsored by the IDIA. The ride to arrive there was only two hours long, and when we got there we encountered a less intense environment. Already trained from my past conferences I had grasped new ideas and let go of my fears, but still I was contending with my discomfort with large crowds. When my partner and I were guided to our destinations my confidence started to dwindle, and I feared that I was not going to be able to persist in this longstanding battle. Again my will power had betrayed me, and I felt like a coward. I couldn’t believe how kids who were younger of age than me, and who barely had much experience as I did in this ground, defeated me with their glib articulation. Every day I tried my best, but I fell short from my goals, this negativity had overshadowed my other skills, and I couldn’t brake from this vicious cycle. Even though I do not personally apply the adage “ignorance is bliss” in this case I used the power of elasticity and did apply it, it was disappointing to see myself not stand up for myself when I had the tools to do so. It’s like going to a battle with a gun in your hand, and letting someone bit you with a stick, it is just sad to watch.
Already in the committee I started to let my fears blockade my knowledge, and even though I tried to vindicate myself I just couldn’t do it. I understood everything that the delegates in the committee were saying, but I feared to speak up and make a fool of myself. My committee was about poverty in Eastern Europe and we had to find resolutions to the economic irony going on in Europe; the truth is that in
Our last conference was held in
Being in the Model United Nations has made me realize many qualities about myself that I never knew existed. For example, I didn’t know that I could let go of my fears and speak in front of large crowds without stuttering. As well it helped in an academic level, because thanks to all the conferences I went to I became more articulate and participated more in class debates. The truth is that such experiences, like being in a club, may not make you a winner in the sense of winning an award, but at least for me it helped me become a better human being with others. In the United Nations I learned about border disputes, microloans, and the use of BIOFUELS, something that would take me months to learn in a regular school year. The Model UN helped me find a niche that I could fit in, and that is why I encourage other people to give it a try, and step out of their mental box in order to travel the horizons of the world.
Posted by Marcell's model UN ExPeDiTiOn at 7:31 PM 0 comments
Tuesday, June 2, 2009
UNA_USA position paper!
Topic: BIOFUELS
Country: Sudan
Delegates: Marcell Urena & Lingordi Rocca, George Washington High School.
In 1907 O. Henry wrote in his book Heart of the West “Love and business and family and religion and art and patriotism are nothing but shadows of words when a man's starving”. This quote truly echoes the sentiments of Sudan regarding the delicate situation all poor nations are facing when deciding upon the usage of BIOFUELS. The ramifications of this pivotal decision can determine the aftermath of many poor nations, and not all are up for the challenge. Poverty is in itself a human rights violation, and no human should be subject to this injustice. That is why, when a country doesn’t have the sufficient resources (land, water, food and capital) to feed their people, it becomes an every day struggle to reach the needs of every individual, and using BIOFUELS isn’t a short term necessity, rather than a long term want. The Republic of Sudan strongly recommends that the INT’L community consider the unequal hand many countries have dealt with, when discussing BIOFUELS.
Posted by Marcell's model UN ExPeDiTiOn at 12:44 PM 0 comments
Philadelphia MUN position paper!
Topic: Reduction of Poverty
Country: Pakistan
Delegate: Marcell Urena, Raiel Schwartz
Famous Chinese philosopher Confucius (BC 551-BC 479) states“in a country well governed poverty is something to be ashamed of. In a country badly governed wealth is something to be ashamed of”. This quote’s purpose is to teach government leaders how morals are pivotal to a country’s development. A government’s purpose is to protect its citizens from starvation, social barriers and moral disintegration, and if they have not kept their promise, then they have fallen short from their goal.
Poverty and ethnic barriers have been a prolonged problem that affects Pakistan in many ways, but a problem that could be fixed with the help of all nations. Despite the efforts of the United Nation to combat poverty, it has been very difficult, and not all poor countries have been help at the same pace. Poverty is a human right violation and no one should be subject to this social, political and economical problem. As far as it goes in Eastern Europe, poverty is not a result of lack of human resources, instead, many small businesses are open to the public, but the income that they earn is very small to sustain a family. Eastern European countries as well as Pakistan are developing countries whose economic status is pauper but progressing in a gradual rate. The poverty rate in Pakistan is estimated to be between 23% and 28% which shows how Pakistan is trying to alleviate the current status and accelerate the growth span rapidly. Although imprudent policies led to the downturn in the economy during the 1990s, Pakistan continues in the ongoing struggle for restoration and the infrastructure of the country. On the other hand Eastern Europe is facing a large number of problems since the downfall of the USSR, and as the result of this crisis, “the commonwealth of Independent State” is becoming a vital problem in the continent.
In Nov, 2006 Pakistan signed a free trade agreement to achieve the tripling of bilateral trade from $ 4.2 billions (USD) to $ 15 billion (USD) in a period of five years. The plan includes measures to stop the possible bankruptcy of Pakistan’s economy and as well it targets the global fight against terrorism. This means that Pakistan is willing to make alignments with nations who are willing to help, in order to protect their citizens.
As far as it goes, the only way to expand the labor market is by reducing the number of traditional markets in the country, because based on the European economic history, these individual enterprises have only caused chaos. Rich and powerful companies could also give support by increasing their productivity and using their scarce resources efficiently, of which other countries could benefit through out the process of trading. Having an open market could spur productivity and create a balance in a global scale, and those countries involved in trade could benefit from it. There are many ways to reduce poverty, but the only way to make a change is by countries admitting their mistakes and looking for help, of which the General Assembly is there for.
The Federal Republic of Pakistan believes that in order to stop the continual depletion of nations due to poverty, wealthy nations should help provide aid to the poor and undeveloped countries. This includes the establishments of (NGOs) in these sectors, with the foremost consent of these needy countries, and the moral support of the citizens within the country. However Pakistan understands that rapid growth cannot be accomplished in a short amount of time, but the rapid acknowledge of these problems could make a change in the long run. As well, governments should not only implement military stability or national security, instead they should also stabilize the internal problems within their country and provide jobs and economic growth at a rapid pace.
Pakistan also believes that if terrorism, rising energy prices, lack of pensions, and trading restrictions keep on going, a country will never be able to reach stability. The only way to reduce poverty is by working together and building up a country’s foundation with hard labor. Pakistan believes that poverty should not continue to be a problem to the human race, because with a small contribution of all nations we all can make a change. In Pakistan’s economy, tourism is a potential weapon to fight poverty and by doing so, Pakistan’s interactions with foreign countries could develop an economic relationship between one another. Governments and agencies like the International Monetary Fund, INT’L Fund for Agriculture Development and the Millennium Development program could be the greatest option a poor country could have in stabilizing their economy.
In order to prevent poverty in a global scale, countries should start by restoring their domestic policies, educating their people and bringing peace among them. By taking a step forward, poverty would take a step backward and more stability might come to be. Social and legal barriers should not be a reason why many innocent people are dying from hunger and diseases, because if there is an alternative then there should be a cure.
Posted by Marcell's model UN ExPeDiTiOn at 12:34 PM 0 comments
The Harvard position paper!
Topic: Iran-Iraq War
Country: Benin
Delegates: Marcell Urena & Charina Betances, George Washington High School
Former United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Mary Robinson states “We must understand the role of human rights as empowering of individuals and communities. By protecting these rights, we can help prevent the many conflicts based on poverty, discrimination and exclusion (social, economic and political) that continue to plague humanity and destroy decades of development efforts. The vicious circle of human rights violations that lead to conflicts-which in turn lead to more violations-must be broken”. Although this adage has been repeated constantly through out history, many countries seem to not follow its importance, and instead they have closed their eyes and act indifferent towards it. Ethnic and territorial boundaries, such as those existing in Iraq and Iran, have lead to the extinction of many innocent people and the downfall of a government. Despite the efforts of the United Nations to stop the Iraq and Iran War, it has not been successful, and because of this prolonged war, children, men and women are dying in a daily bases.
In December 1990 the Benin constitution guaranteed that “the fundamental rights of human being and civil rights liberties” were extremely respected and that Benin as an undeveloped country was trying to set an example to the world. In this plan Benin promised to be loyal and fair to human rights, and to try to mediate the situation starting in the country. These laws also applied to local NGO’s all around the world.
Benin has no records of participating in any targets within the country. Every day Benin tries to protect the human race, and to set aside religious differences in order to progress as an independent country. However, Benin also realizes that the United Nations is empowered to use military involvement in a peacekeeping role.
The Republic of Benin believes that in order to stop the Iran-Iraq War, both groups should not base their nationalistic and territorial disagreement on behalf of their religion differences. It seems arbitrary and unreasonable to use religion as a way to annihilate many innocent lives, and any resolution will always bring about a deadlock between the Sunni and the Shia. The only way to find a resolution is to use words instead of weapons.
The Republic of Benin understands that in order to restore the Human race from extinction, nations should not support the usage of nuclear weapons, and that not one but all nations should join and play a positive role in this global catastrophe. This includes the stoppage of military equipment to nations whom are at the brink of war, and the dismantling of all nuclear missiles worldwide. Nations including the Big five, the Republic of China, Soviet Union, United Kingdom, United States and France should also play a role in this treaty. At the end these procedures will bring about a positive role in all nations, and therefore no one would be justified for using weapons of human destruction.
Benin asks the International Community to recognize the hardships of nuclear weaponry, and to put an end to the deaths of innocent lives, because religion should not be a reason to join warfare, and neither should be the ownership of waterways. Let’s give Nature itself that right, and not put everything in the hands of men.
Posted by Marcell's model UN ExPeDiTiOn at 12:31 PM 0 comments
Financial aid for Harvard
Dear Harvard Model United Nations;
Being part of the Model UN is of great advantage to me, and going to the conference on Dec 11 would be a step forward in my understanding of the world. It is only righteous to say that already being part of a community is profoundly fascinating to an individual such as me, but taking part in the world is even better. Being a citizen does not only mean a legal resident of a country, it as well means a provider and inhabitant who does not only contributes to the pollution of our world, but who as well is a human who can cry in times of pain, and who can extract the bad and implement the good. The initiative is never the easiest step to take, but what follows could be said to be a prolonged journey with an interesting ending. Being a former participant in my school’s model UN has helped me grow more as a human being, and has taught me all the valuable lessons in life, which could be said to be, opening my eyes and understanding that ignorance is not bliss. The world we have today, and who has endured for billions of years have fallen into the wrong hands in history, such as Hitler’s Holocaust in Europe and Louis XVL’s corrupt leadership in France, but it does not mean that political corruption should continue in history. It is time to take an initiative and improve the world by first revitalizing torn institutions, such as Sierra Leone in Africa and Afghanistan in the Middle East.
There are powerful reasons that have tied me to global problems around the world, and even though such countries are miles away from me I think it is my duty as a member of the model UN to make a difference. The reason why I have decided to talk about Sierra Leone in particular is because there is a chain of reactions considering the dismantling of the government followed by the appeasement in January 18, 2002.Which has been of no use because still today children of all ages have been recruited into battle fields and used as protective shields for the government. I am very passionate about the stability of children, because I’m such person who thinks that children are the leaders of tomorrow and that cultivating a complex education for them and giving them the tools to learn is better than giving them an AK-47 to shoot each other. Children all around the world should have the opportunity to attend school and to contribute in a positive way not only to the community but as well to the environment. And that’s what the Model UN has provided to me, the right to speech, the right to vote, and the right to mediate problems all around the world.
As I said before, being a member of the Model UN has given me the chance to look at the world through the media, and to visualize it by interacting with people all the over the globe. Which I believe is a great way to learn to socialize with different cultures, and not to be arrogant about other’s point of view in relation to any problem. It would be of great disadvantage not to attend the Harvard model UN conference because there aren’t enough fundable resources for us, and I think that it would traumatize our student body for life, not permanently but mildly. Due to our school limited financial aid we cannot attend the meetings, and even though our teachers have worked really hard to find sponsors for us, it has not been possible to conceive the money. That’s why in this letter I have tried to pinpoint the issue surrounding my school, and with the bottom of my heart will like to ask for your financial support. Which I think is only fair, because we have stayed after school to attend the program and have always participated in every aspect of history. I think that my classmates and I are prepared enough to join the conference and contribute in every possible way.
Already being part of the Model UN has given me a complex idea of what global issues is all about, and how school is the foundation to it all. Being in the Model UN is like a niche to us and we try to cherish it and built upon it in order to make it better. Last year in 2007, there were only eight members but this year it has proliferated to twenty three students, which is a great deal to our school and particularly us. The only problem is that due to its large group of students, our school cannot pay for all of us, and the rest might have to stay in school while others attend the meeting. This is very sad because many students who have stayed after school and who have sacrificed their time cannot go to the meeting and all their effort cannot be repaid. That’s why I hope that my letter has delved into your hearts, and that some day our voice would not be silenced anymore.
Thanking you most sincerely for all your time and consideration
Cordially,
Marcell Urena
Posted by Marcell's model UN ExPeDiTiOn at 12:25 PM 0 comments